Bismuth-Based Multi-Component Heterostructured Nanocatalysts for Hydrogen Generation

Developing a unique catalytic system with enhanced activity is the topmost priority in science of H2 energy to reduce costs large-scale applications, such as automobiles and domestic sectors. Researchers are striving design an effective capable significantly accelerating production efficiency through green pathways, photochemical, electrochemical, photoelectrochemical routes. Bi-based nanocatalysts relatively cost-effective environmentally benign materials which possess advanced optoelectronic properties. However, these suffer back recombination reactions during photochemical operations impede their efficiency. heterojunction formation allows separation electron–hole pairs avoid via interfacial charge transfer. Thus, synergetic effects between heterostructured largely improves course generation. Here, we propose systematic review nanocatalysts, highlighting in-depth discussion various exceptional heterostructures, TiO2/BiWO6, BiWO6/Bi2S3, Bi2WO6/BiVO4, Bi2O3/Bi2WO6, ZnIn2S4/BiVO4, Bi2O3/Bi2MoO6, etc. The reviewed heterostructures exhibit excellent evolution efficiency, ascribed higher stability, more exposed active sites, controlled morphology, remarkable band-gap tunability. We adopted slightly different approach for reviewing compiling them according applicability discussing challenges, prospects, guidance develop better efficient nanocatalytic systems.